硅藻Auliscus caelatus对渤海湾西北岸大吴庄埋藏牡蛎礁形成环境的复原     

方晶  杨永强  商志文  范昌福  王福  王宏 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,(Z2):343-351

通过对渤海湾西北岸大吴庄牡蛎礁18个层位牡蛎壳内泥质填充物样品的硅藻分析,首次发现在渤海湾埋藏牡蛎礁中富含代表潮间带环境的Auliscus caelatus种硅藻化石,体积分数高达15%～40%,显示整个牡蛎礁形成于潮间带环境。根据潮间带标志种Auliscus caelatus,结合生活在海湾内侧河口处环境的Cyclotella stylorum和沿岸分布的内湾指标群种Thalassionema nitzschioides 3种硅藻比例在垂向上的变化,将牡蛎礁分为潮间带下部(Ⅰ带)、潮间带中上部(Ⅱ带)、潮间带中下部(Ⅲ带)和潮间带中上部(Ⅳ带)4个硅藻带。牡蛎礁上半部(Ⅱ带和Ⅲ带)中的4条水平夹层中的硅藻,与其下伏相邻正常建礁层的硅藻对比,均显示出Auliscus caelatus体积分数显著偏低、咸水种硅藻的比例偏高以及硅藻种属类型偏多等特征,推测出各水平层的海相性和开放性均有强于下伏相邻正常层的倾向。水平夹层的形成原因:一是牡蛎礁发育后期,礁体所处环境发生显著变化,从距河口相对较远的潮间带下部(不含水平层的Ⅰ带)环境转为距河口相对较近的潮间带中上部(Ⅱ带—Ⅳ带)环境,较浅的海水环境使得牡蛎礁易受外界环境的影响;二是来自海洋方向的风暴潮或较强的波浪,将牡蛎礁向海一侧的潮间带泥沙冲到礁顶,导致牡蛎倒伏死亡后被泥沙掩埋。  相似文献   

张广才岭北部苇河花岗岩基的地球化学特征与岩石成因     

李蓉  孙德有  苟军  魏红艳  柳小明  武鹏飞  刘玮 《世界地质》2012,31(3):462-470

张广才岭北部苇河花岗岩基的地质学、岩相学、全岩主量和微量及锆石Hf 同位素的详细解析显示: 苇河花岗岩基主体岩性为花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、正长--碱长花岗岩及少量的石英闪长岩和英云闪长岩,不同岩石类型之间呈侵入接触关系。岩石富硅富铝,为准铝质--弱过铝质岩石( A/CNK = 0. 97 ～ 1. 03) ,全碱( K₂O + Na₂O) 含量为6. 56% ～ 9. 10%,主要为高钾钙碱性系列I 型花岗岩。稀土和微量元素组成上,均富集LREE、Rb、Th、U、K、Hf,相对亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti,δEu 从中等程度负异常到弱正异常。不均匀的锆石Hf 同位素成分( εHf ( t) = ( － 6. 68 ～ + 12. 13) ,TDM2 = 464 ～ 1 657 Ma) 表明,岩浆主体来源于显生宙--新元古代时期从亏损地幔中增生的基性下地壳物质,局部同化了更古老的地壳物质。  相似文献   

大比例尺数字测图在土地整理中的应用     

勾鉴  赵洪满 《吉林地质》2012,31(1):137-140

本文在叙述土地整理的基础上论述了用于制作土地利用现状图的数字测图的方法和过程,并结合自己的实践提出了从外业到内业处理整个过程中应该注意的问题和解决方法。  相似文献   

基于OpenMP的并行图像相减算法实现与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李继良  于策  孙济洲  商朝晖  陈锦言  曹玮  张旭明 《天文研究与技术》2011,8(2):146-152

图像相减是一种精确地获得密集星体区域中变星的相对光度变化的技术,其基本原理为通过同一区域不同时间的图像间差异来获得该区域的时间变化信息.传统上图像相减变源测光算法只有串行性算法,计算效率不高.讨论了图像相减测光算法的基本原理,在开源软件ISIS基础上提出了一个基于OpenMP技术的图像相减算法的可靠并行化实现,提高了程...  相似文献   

Are creative workers happier in Chinese cities? The influence of work,lifestyle, and amenities on urban well-being     

Jessie P.H. Poon  Qingyang Shang 《Urban geography》2013,34(4):567-585

This paper examines two propositions in the creative-class debate in the context of China’s large cities. The first evaluates Richard Florida’s contention that creative workers enjoy higher level of well-being and are happier than blue-collar workers. The second investigates the influence of urban amenities, lifestyle, and work on creative workers’ happiness. Both propositions are analyzed in relation to China’s post-Socialist, industrial, and mining cities. Based on data from a household survey, the results indicate that Chinese creative workers are indeed happier in post-Socialist, or service-sector oriented, cities. However, creative work does not explain their happiness. Stable social sites that reinforce authentic experience of urban cultural amenities (e.g. the teahouse rather than modern coffeehouses, bars, and theaters) are a significant factor for creative-class happiness in post-Socialist Chinese cities. However, creative work is more likely to explain creative-class happiness in mining cities. Further, our study found that blue-collar workers report a higher level of happiness in those settings with less pronounced inter- and intra-class distinctions at the workplace—in those places where power and status are more evenly distributed.  相似文献   

丛生竹根系抗拉力学特性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

惠尚  张云伟  刘晶  朱廷国 《山地学报》2013,(1):65-70

竹林是具有水土保持功能的一种重要植被,其地下根系力学性能好坏是影响竹林固土力学作用的重要因素。为了了解丛生竹林地下根系的抗拉力学特性,利用自制的植物根系抗拉力学特性野外便携实验系统,对料慈竹、绿竹、龙竹、香竹4种丛生竹根系进行了现场拉伸实验,测量这4种丛生竹不同直径根系的抗拉力、应变,并通过计算得到抗拉强度和弹性模量。结果表明,4种丛生竹根系最大抗拉力与根直径的关系呈幂函数正相关增长,抗拉强度与根直径的关系呈幂函数负相关增长。根系平均抗拉力分别为料慈竹(59.47 N)、香竹(58.65 N)、龙竹(43.51 N)、绿竹(40.80 N),平均抗拉强度依次为龙竹(30.24 MPa)、料慈竹(23.14 MPa)、绿竹(22.83 MPa)、香竹(18.14 MPa),平均极限应变较为接近,在14%～18%之间,平均弹性模量值为龙竹(169.86 MPa)、料慈竹(166.37MPa)、绿竹(158.36 MPa)、香竹(135.56 MPa),最高峰值达到350 MPa。4种丛生竹相比,龙竹根系的综合抗拉力学性能最好,其次是料慈竹和绿竹,最后是香竹。与常见造林树种油松、落叶松、白桦相比,丛生竹根系具有较好的抗拉力学性能。  相似文献   

重庆市降雨侵蚀力空间格局及其变化   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

汪言在  苟诗薇 《地理科学》2013,(1):116-122

使用经验正交函数和非参数统计检验方法,对重庆市1960-2010年全年、季节降雨侵蚀力时空格局进行分析。结论如下:①年、季降雨侵蚀力均呈东北、东南偏大,西部偏小的空间格局。②受大尺度气候因素影响,年、季降雨侵蚀力表现为一致性异常分布特征,2000年后年、季降雨侵蚀力增大的年份偏多。③受山地地形影响,全年、秋季和冬季降雨侵蚀力存在反相变化模态,重庆市东北(集中在城口、开县区域)降雨侵蚀力变化趋势与其他区域存在差异。  相似文献   

Paleoclimatic evolution indicated by major geochemical elements from aeolian sediments on the east of Qinghai Lake     

Yuan Shang  RuiJie Lu  FeiFei Ji  LiHui Tian  QingLiang Tang  Yuan Chen  Chao Zhao  WangYang Wu 《寒旱区科学》2013,5(3):0301-0308

As the largest inland lake of China, along with its unique landscape and geographical location, Qinghai Lake has got much attention of the scientists for a long time. The precursors have done substantive researches by using the lake sediment, which deepen our understanding of the climate changes in this region. Although sand dunes and loess sediment are widely distributed around the lake, so far the researches on geochemical elements from aeolian sediment have been less reported. In this paper, we selected a typical aeolian profile on the east of Qinghai Lake. Based on systematic sampling and analysis of seven major geochemical elements, combined with OSL dating and previous researches, this paper discusses climate changes in the Qinghai Lake area since 12.5 ka B.P.. Our conclusions are: (1) Before 12.5 ka B.P., the climate in this region was dry, cold, and accompanied by strong wind-sand activities. (2) During 12.5–11.9 ka B.P., the climate became warm and wet. However, there was an abrupt climate cooling event during 12.2–11.9 ka B.P., which likely corresponded to the Younger Dryas event. (3) During 11.9–8.0 ka B.P., the climate fluctuated greatly and frequently from warm to cold, and three cooling events occurred. (4) During 8.0–2.6 ka B.P., the climate was warm and humid. (5) Since 2.6 ka B.P., similar to the modern climate, the climate was mainly dry and cold.  相似文献   

Abnormal Phenomena Recorded by Several Earthquake Precursor Observation Instruments Before the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan, Sichuan Earthquake     

OUYANG Zuxi  ZHANG Hongxun  FU Zizhong  GOU Bo  JIANG Wali 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4)

The paper introduces the anomalies observed by digital tiltmeter, cross-fault deformation meter, 4-component borehole strainmeter and geothermometer before May 12, 2008, Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan. The digital tiltmeter installed in the epicentral region in Shifang County recorded the tilt anomalies 15 days before the earthquake with variation amplitude of 3.7 times larger than the annual deviation of 2007. The cross-fault deformation meter installed at Zimakua station on the Xianshuihe-Anninghe fault zone detected displacement anomaly occurring since 2006 with the variation amplitude exceeding the cumulative value of the last ten years. Five borehole strainmeter stations in the Chongqing section of Three Gorges Reservoir area observed unconventional strain changes occurring in the period from May 1 through 12, 2008. Among them, the strainmeter at Wanzhou station recorded the great compression strain rate on the EW component at 14:00 o'clock of May 10, and the anomaly amplitude was so large that the instrument output exceeded its dynamic range, corresponding to a level of ～104 nanostrains. The geothermometers installed in Xi'an, Chongqing and Xichang recorded the sudden temperature changes from November 2007 to January 2008 with the variation amplitudes several times larger than the ordinary deviation. The above phenomena and the criteria for distinguishing the anomalies from background fluctuations are discussed in this paper.  相似文献   

基于不同冻结试验模式分析控制冻胀规律     

程晋源  周金生  商翔宇 《岩土工程技术》2009,23(3):115-118

对冻结技术应用中冻胀控制这一重要课题．通过试验比较了控制冻深的间歇冻结模式与传统连续冻结模式的冻胀量差异．试验结果表明：控制冻深的间歇冻结模式冻胀量为连续冻结模式的48．8％,其等效条件下的冻胀量约为连续冻结模式的71．2％,冻胀部分得到控制。针对该间歇冻结模式控制冻胀的规律,提出末透镜体层为冻胀控制的关键透镜体层。通过对试验的定性分析．指出控制冻深的间歇冻结模式在间歇段能够促使末透镜体分凝温度升高,形成速度减缓,继而出现停止形成的阶段,控制冻胀。分析指出控制冻深的间歇冻结模式是工程唯一可用的冻胀控制的冻结模式,且该模式较传统连续冻结模式更为经济。  相似文献